E-cigarettes damage the liver and alter nutrient metabolism in pregnant mice and their offspring
Recent evidence also demonstrates the dual role of nicotine, which primarily promotes hepatocarcinogenesis through activation of multiple oncogenic signaling cascades, including 7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (7-nAChR)/JAK2/STAT3, CYP1A1/PI3K/Akt signaling mediated by NF-B and AP-1, SETDB1/CDK6-mediated STAT1 stabilization, GCF2-driven Wnt/-catenin/SOX2 signaling, and the 2-adrenergic receptor (2-AR)/PI3K/Akt pathway [35,36,37]
Health effects of smoking tobacco Smoking tobacco has serious negative effects on human health
The findings, published in Nature , suggest that specific gut microbes may be able to prevent smoking-related diseases in humans
Interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement
PMID 40232040