The nicotine in cigarettes and e-cigarettes has a toxic effect on podocytes, which play a crucial role in the kidneys filtering function, said Leopoldo Raij, M.D., professor emeritus of medicine and former chief of nephrology at the Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, and director of hypertension at the Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension
All MR images were acquired on a Siemens 3 Tesla Trio whole-body scanner (Erlangen, Germany) at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania using an eight-channel array coil
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Eleven of 12 products marketed as energy enhancers contained caffeine in concentrations that varied substantially, ranging from 31.7 g/g to 9,290 g/g
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The same month, cigarettes triggered a brawl between 30 Hispanic and white inmates on a high-security yard