F.SattarN.JarolimP.WelshP.JhundP
As with all other known types of arthritis, Gout has particular joints it tends to attack, and the foot is its most common location
Common oxidant sources include cigarette smoke, pesticides and herbicides (e.g., organophosphates), industrial chemicals (e.g., organochlorines), excessive alcohol, air pollution and diesel/gasoline soot, inhalable quartz and metal powders, and certain mineral fibers
stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes into T-helper cells, which produce the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17, which contributes to the recruitment of monocytes & neutrophils to the site of inflammation, which produce destructive tissue damage
meanwhile, it regulates the expression of key glycolytic enzymes (e.g., HK2) to drive metabolic reprogramming ( 4.2 Emphysema Emphysema represents another critical pathological hallmark of COPD, defined as abnormal permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by destruction of alveolar walls and without significant fibrosis. Clinically, two primary subtypes predominate: centrilobular emphysema and panlobular emphysema
Aging (Albany NY) 11:11391